Spanish investigators compared NIV for 24 hours with conventional oxygen therapy in patients with chronic respiratory disorders who were extubated after a successful spontaneous breathing trial. The NIV group had signficantly lower rates of post-extubation respiratory failure.
Non-invasive ventilation after extubation in hypercapnic patients with chronic respiratory disorders: randomised controlled trial.
Lancet. 2009 Sep 26;374(9695):1082-8